# External modules


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fastcore includes functionality from some modules from other projects
that have been copied here, in cases where the original is no longer
maintained, or where the original includes dependencies that we’d rather
avoid.

## imghdr

fastcore includes a copy of the Python standard library’s `imghdr`
module, which was deprecated in Python 3.11, and removed in 3.13.
However since it’s still widely used (including within fastcore), we are
providing it here. We have also added some fixes to the automatic
detection.

``` python
from fastcore.imghdr import what,tests
```

``` python
what('images/puppy.jpg')
```

    'jpeg'

These are the tests provided:

``` python
print(', '.join(t.__name__ for t in tests))
```

    test_jpeg, test_png, test_gif, test_tiff, test_rgb, test_pbm, test_pgm, test_ppm, test_rast, test_xbm, test_bmp, test_webp, test_exr

## ansi

[nbconvert](https://github.com/jupyter/nbconvert/blob/main/nbconvert/filters/ansi.py)
provides handy functionality to convert ansi terminal codes to HTML,
which we’ve copied to fastcore so they can be used without nbconvert’s
prequisites. Also nbconvert doesn’t document them, so we’re showing some
examples here.

``` python
from fastcore.ansi import ansi2html,strip_ansi
```

``` python
ansi_test = """\x1b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\x1b[0m
\x1b[0;31mZeroDivisionError\x1b[0m                         Traceback (most recent call last)
File \x1b[0;32m<input-1>:1\x1b[0m
\x1b[0;32m----> 1\x1b[0m \x1b[38;5;241m1\x1b[39m\x1b[38;5;241m/\x1b[39m\x1b[38;5;241m0\x1b[39m

\x1b[0;31mZeroDivisionError\x1b[0m: division by zero"""
```

``` python
out = ansi2html(ansi_test)
print(out)
```

    <span class="ansi-red-fg">---------------------------------------------------------------------------</span>
    <span class="ansi-red-fg">ZeroDivisionError</span>                         Traceback (most recent call last)
    File <span class="ansi-green-fg">&lt;input-1&gt;:1</span>
    <span class="ansi-green-fg">----&gt; 1</span> <span style="color: rgb(98,98,98)">1</span><span style="color: rgb(98,98,98)">/</span><span style="color: rgb(98,98,98)">0</span>

    <span class="ansi-red-fg">ZeroDivisionError</span>: division by zero

``` python
test_err = ''.join([f"<div>{o}</div>" for o in out.splitlines()])
HTML(f'<pre>{test_err}<pre>')
```

<pre><div><span class="ansi-red-fg">---------------------------------------------------------------------------</span></div><div><span class="ansi-red-fg">ZeroDivisionError</span>                         Traceback (most recent call last)</div><div>File <span class="ansi-green-fg">&lt;input-1&gt;:1</span></div><div><span class="ansi-green-fg">----&gt; 1</span> <span style="color: rgb(98,98,98)">1</span><span style="color: rgb(98,98,98)">/</span><span style="color: rgb(98,98,98)">0</span></div><div></div><div><span class="ansi-red-fg">ZeroDivisionError</span>: division by zero</div><pre>

``` python
print(strip_ansi(ansi_test))
```

    ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
    ZeroDivisionError                         Traceback (most recent call last)
    File <input-1>:1
    ----> 1 1/0

    ZeroDivisionError: division by zero